Frankincense is an ancient aromatic resin revered for its scent and sacred associations, but the term “Royal Frankincense” often causes confusion. In reality, Royal Frankincense is not a separate species or botanical variety. Instead, it’s a marketing name implying top-quality resin – usually from Boswellia sacra trees in Oman – without official scientific meaning. The phrase plays on frankincense’s regal history, but savvy buyers should know it’s essentially a grade or product name rather than an official grade of incense.
1. “Royal Frankincense” is a marketing phrase, not a species
The word frankincense itself comes from Old French franc encens, meaning “pure” or “high-quality incense”. Thus, “Royal Frankincense” simply echoes the idea of noble, premium incense. No plant is officially called “Royal Frankincense” – the resin still comes from known Boswellia species. Sellers use “Royal” to suggest superior quality or origin (often Boswellia sacra from Oman). In other words, Royal Frankincense is a grade or brand term, not a taxonomic designation.
Important note: All frankincense comes from trees in the Boswellia genus. “Royal” doesn’t change the tree; it just markets the resin as extra-pure or prestigious. As the Oxford-derived etymology shows, frankincense already meant “high-quality incense”.
2. The “Royal” name reflects ancient prestige
The association of frankincense with royalty and divinity is very old. In Egypt, frankincense and myrrh were prized as temple incense and offerings. Archaeologists have found frankincense at Pharaonic sites and in burial goods. Kings and priests burned it in ceremonies, so it was literally a “king’s incense.” According to tradition, frankincense was one of the gifts the Biblical Magi brought to Jesus at his nativity. In the ancient Near East, only special perfumes and resins (like frankincense) were fit for temples and royalty.
This regal aura lives on in the name. By calling something “Royal Frankincense,” sellers tap into millennia of cultural lore – the idea that this incense is fit for a king or queen. It draws on stories of Solomon and the Queen of Sheba, Pharaohs of Egypt, and the incense traditions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. However, keep in mind the term is symbolic.
3. Etymology: frankincense = “high-quality incense”
The word “frankincense” has nothing to do with the Franks (medieval Germans). It derives from Old French franc encens, and the word franc in Old French could also mean “noble” or “true,” suggesting purity or high grade. In English, it passed down as “frankincense.” This background helps explain why the term “royal” is loved – frankincense itself already implied a premium incense in medieval times.
Another ancient name is “olibanum”, from Latin, which also means frankincense. This word appears in old texts and recipes. Merriam-Webster’s medical dictionary even defines “olibanum” simply as “frankincense”. In short, all these words – frankincense, olibanum, luban – refer to the resin and not to any “royal” variety. Understanding the etymology makes it clear: “Royal Frankincense” highlights the quality (noble/incense), but it’s essentially the same resin that has been traded for millennia.
4. Traditional uses of frankincense
Frankincense has been used across cultures for rituals, medicine, and scents. In ancient Egypt, it was burned in temples and used in embalming. In Rome and Greece it perfumed baths and altars. Hindu and Ayurvedic traditions used Boswellia serrata (Indian frankincense) in healing formulas for arthritis and digestion. Chinese and Tibetan medicine called it ruixiang and used it to move “qi” and ease pain.
Some key uses:
- Religious rites: Buddhist temples, Christian churches, and Muslim holy shrines still burn frankincense resin in censers. Its smoke is believed to carry prayers. It’s required in some Judaic temple rites (as per the Bible’s directions for incense).
- Medicinal and wellness: The oil (steam-distilled from resin) has anti-inflammatory boswellic acids. Modern supplements use Boswellia extracts for joint pain. Research has examined frankincense for digestive and respiratory health.
- Perfume and cosmetics: Its sweet, balsamic aroma has been valued in perfumes and aromatic oils.
Even with “Royal” on the label, it’s fundamentally the same sacred resin. The difference is often just the clarity and aroma strength. Experienced users will tell you that the finest resin (often from Oman’s Boswellia sacra) is clear, golden-white-green, and highly fragrant. Lesser grades might be darker or dusty. But any Boswellia tears burned as incense will smell similar, giving a frankincense scent.
5. Frankincense grades and marketing terms
The frankincense trade has its own jargon. Sellers speak of “grades” or fanciful names, which can confuse buyers. Common grading terms include Choice, Extra, Select, Terra, Seraphim, etc. These aren’t standardised – one seller’s “Choice Grade” might be another’s “Second Grade.” Similarly, terms like “Superior”, “Imperial”, or “Royal” are marketing tiers, not scientific categories.
For example:
- Tapa (or Tepa): Often refers to clumps of resin lumps attached together. In Oman, the last cuts of the season create “Tapa” – considered rich in aroma. This might sometimes be called “Royal” in marketing materials.
- Terra: One grading system uses “Terra” grades (e.g. Terra Alpha, Terra Beta) – high-grade resin from first tapping vs later taps. These are seller-invented terms.
- Country names: “Omani frankincense” usually means Boswellia sacra, often considered finest, from Dhofar in Oman. “Somali frankincense” refers to Boswellia carteri (now often lumped with B. sacra) or B. frereana. “Indian frankincense” means Boswellia serrata, with a different profile.
Because “Royal Frankincense” isn’t an official grade, its meaning depends on the company. Always ask: is it Boswellia sacra from Oman? Or a mix of species? Some sellers use “Royal” to justify a higher price, but without offering the assurance of its source.
Interesting Fact: Only three Boswellia species are known to contain significant amounts of the anti-inflammatory boswellic acids. These are Boswellia sacra (Oman/Yemen), B. serrata (India), and B. papyrifera (Ethiopia/Sudan). Other species like B. frereana or B. occulta produce resin with a somewhat different chemical profile. In practice, “Royal Frankincense” is almost always one of the top species, usually B. sacra or its synonym.
6. Origins: Boswellia species and regions
Frankincense comes from trees of the Boswellia genus. Key species and their origins are:
- Boswellia sacra: Native to Oman, Yemen and nearby Arabian Peninsula regions. Grows on rocky slopes in Dhofar (Oman) and the Hadhramaut (Yemen). Often called “King’s Frankincense.” Most likely candidate for “Royal Frankincense.”
- Boswellia carteri: Found in Somalia and parts of Ethiopia. (Modern taxonomy often treats B. carteri as the same species as B. sacra, but it’s sold as “Somali frankincense.”)
- Boswellia frereana: Indigenous to Puntland in Somalia. Its resin is sometimes called “Maydi frankincense.” It has a distinct, lemony scent.
- Boswellia serrata: Grows wild in India and Pakistan. The resin is key in Ayurveda (called salai guggul) and used for joint health.
- Boswellia papyrifera: Native to Ethiopia, Eritrea, Sudan. Its resin is widely traded in East Africa.
Each species yields a slightly different aroma and composition. For Royal Frankincense, the implication is usually B. sacra. In fact, a newly identified species Boswellia occulta (from Somalia) was only distinguished in 2019 – previously it was sold mixed with B. carteri resin. But again, these botanical details don’t show up on a “Royal Frankincense” label; you have to trust the supplier or lab analysis.
Notably, Kew’s Plants of the World Online (an authoritative database) notes that Boswellia occulta is accepted as a distinct species native to northern Somalia. This highlights that the trade in frankincense is still being discovered.
7. The famous Frankincense forests of Oman
The most famous source for premium frankincense is Dhofar, Oman. Here’s why it matters: Oman’s frankincense trees were integral to its ancient economy. The rocky wadis of Dhofar still have groves of Boswellia sacra hundreds of years old. Historically, the city of Sumhuram (Khor Rori) on Oman’s coast was a hub where incense was exported to India, Rome and beyond. In fact, UNESCO designated “The Land of Frankincense” (including parts of Dhofar) as a World Heritage site, celebrating this trade (though detailed citations from UNESCO are sparse in open sources).
A bit of ecology: The trees are slow-growing. They are tapped by cutting the bark; resin “tears” ooze out and harden on the bark. Harvesting is done in seasons (called Dara and Ghadh in Dhofar) and requires skill. Over-tapping can stress or kill a tree, which is why sustainable practices are now stressed by conservationists.
Today, Omani frankincense is still sold as a premium product – often at a higher price than similar Boswellia resin from Somalia or India. If you see “Royal Frankincense – Oman” or similar, it likely comes from Dhofar.
8. “Royal” vs other grades: what to look for
Since “Royal” isn’t regulated, learn how frankincense quality is usually judged:
- Appearance of resin: High-quality Boswellia sacra resin is typically hard, lustrous, and nearly clear. It can look golden, white and green. Dark brown or fibrous chunks are usually lower grade.
- Fragrance: The purest resin has a clean, sweet, citrusy-woody scent when burned or distilled. The aroma gets stronger with each tapping (later “tears” on the tree often have deeper fragrance). Even here, sellers may label the best tears as “Royal” for allure.
- Purity: Check for additives. Authentic frankincense resin is just sap hardened; some cheap “frankincense oils” on the market are synthetic or diluted. A well-known source (see Kohzen’s Ultimate Guide to Frankincense) warns about adulteration and synthetic substitutes.
- Origin and species: Often, “Royal Frankincense” implies Boswellia sacra. Be wary if “royal” is used for the cheaper B. serrata or even non-Boswellia incense; always ask the species name.
Marketing terms to compare: Marketers sometimes invent terms like “Alver” frankincense or “Rose” frankincense, but these aren’t botanical either. They usually refer to resin harvested in a particular way or region. For example, Omani frankincense tapped during the cool season may produce clear tears called “Al-Muqerab” or “Raqi” in Arabic – terms which have also appeared in marketing. The takeaway: investigate the scientific name (Boswellia sacra, B. carteri, etc.) to know what you’re getting.
9. Frankincense in culture and religion
Frankincense was literally once called “holy incense”. In the ancient world it was as valuable as gold by weight. Kings and emperors kept it in their treasuries.
- In Judaism and Christianity, Exodus and Ezekiel instruct priests to burn specific blends of incense (including frankincense) in the Temple. The Gospel of Matthew later mentions frankincense as a royal gift. It symbolized divinity and prayer.
- In Islam, frankincense (loban) is used in mosques and homes, especially in the Arabian Peninsula, for its purifying scent. It’s common to burn it to welcome guests or in celebrations.
- In traditional Chinese culture, frankincense and myrrh are mentioned in ancient texts (the Chinese word ruixiang, meaning “Persian incense”). It arrived along the Silk and Incense routes from Arabia.
- In Ayurveda (India), Boswellia serrata resin (salai) has been used for thousands of years. It’s considered a warming spice and was part of many rasayana (rejuvenation) formulas.
These sacred associations reinforce why “Royal Frankincense” sounds appealing – it evokes centuries of ritual use. But again, all frankincense (royal or not) shares these traditions. Whether it’s Oman’s dhufar variety or Indian salai, every culture prized this fragrant resin.
10. Conservation: protecting the “Royal” trees
There is a downside to the popularity of premium frankincense: overharvesting. Studies have shown that heavily tapped Boswellia trees may fail to reproduce well. Seeds germinate much more under untapped trees. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has listed some frankincense species (like Boswellia papyrifera) as vulnerable due to overuse and land conversion.
Oman has taken steps to protect its Frankincense forests. For example, cutting practices are regulated and certain areas are wildlife reserves. Organizations encourage sustainable tapping: only cutting each tree a few times per season, and allowing recovery. This matters especially for “Royal” frankincense, which is expected to come from lush, healthy forests. A glut of low-quality or illegally taken resin can flood markets and harm trees.
Quick fact: Researchers found that “burning, grazing, and attacks by longhorn beetle” are also threats to frankincense trees (Frankincense – Wikipedia). Even climate change (less rain in Arabian and Horn regions) puts pressure on these trees. Ethical suppliers of “Royal Frankincense”
- Appearance of resin: High-quality Boswellia sacra resin is typically hard, lustrous, and nearly clear. It can look golden or pale. Dark brown or fibrous chunks are usually lower grade.
- Fragrance: The purest resin has a clean, sweet, citrusy-woody scent when burned or distilled. The aroma gets stronger with each tapping (later “tears” on the tree often have deeper fragrance). Even here, sellers may label the best tears as “Royal” for allure.
- Purity: Check for additives. Authentic frankincense resin is just sap hardened; some cheap “frankincense oils” on the market are synthetic or diluted. A well-known source (see Kohzen’s Ultimate Guide to Frankincense) warns about adulteration and synthetic substitutes.
- Origin and species: Often, “Royal Frankincense” implies Boswellia sacra. Be wary if “royal” is used for the cheaper B. serrata or even non-Boswellia incense; always ask the species name.
Marketing terms to compare: Marketers sometimes invent terms like “Alver” frankincense or *“Rose” frankincense, but these aren’t botanical either. They usually refer to resin harvested in a particular way or region. For example, Omani frankincense tapped during the cool season may produce clear tears called “Al-Muqerab” or “Raqi” in Arabic – terms which have also appeared in marketing. The takeaway: investigate the scientific name (Boswellia sacra, B. carteri, etc.) to know what you’re getting.
9. Frankincense in culture and religion
Frankincense was literally once called “holy incense”. In the ancient world it was as valuable as gold by weight. Kings and emperors kept it in their treasuries.
- In Judaism and Christianity, Exodus and Ezekiel instruct priests to burn specific blends of incense (including frankincense) in the Temple. The Gospel of Matthew later mentions frankincense as a royal gift. It symbolized divinity and prayer.
- In Islam, frankincense (loban) is used in mosques and homes, especially in the Arabian Peninsula, for its purifying scent. It’s common to burn it to welcome guests or in celebrations.
- In traditional Chinese culture, frankincense and myrrh are mentioned in ancient texts (the Chinese word ruixiang, meaning “Persian incense”). It arrived along the Silk and Incense routes from Arabia.
- In Ayurveda (India), Boswellia serrata resin (salai) has been used for thousands of years. It’s considered a warming spice and was part of many rasayana (rejuvenation) formulas.
These sacred associations reinforce why “Royal Frankincense” sounds appealing – it evokes centuries of ritual use. But again, all frankincense (royal or not) shares these traditions. Whether it’s Oman’s dhufar variety or Indian salai, every culture prized this fragrant resin.
10. Conservation: protecting the “Royal” trees
There is a downside to the popularity of premium frankincense: overharvesting. Studies have shown that heavily tapped Boswellia trees may fail to reproduce well. Seeds germinate much more under untapped trees. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has listed some frankincense species (like Boswellia papyrifera) as vulnerable due to overuse and land conversion.
Oman has taken steps to protect its Frankincense forests. For example, cutting practices are regulated and certain areas are wildlife reserves. Organizations encourage sustainable tapping: only cutting each tree a few times per season, and allowing recovery. This matters especially for “Royal” frankincense, which is expected to come from lush, healthy forests. A glut of low-quality or illegally taken resin can flood markets and harm trees.
Quick fact: Researchers found that “burning, grazing, and attacks by longhorn beetle” are also threats to frankincense trees. Even climate change (less rain in Arabian and Horn regions) puts pressure on these trees. Ethical suppliers of “Royal Frankincense” emphasize fair trade and forest management.
11. Choosing your frankincense
If you want authentic frankincense, here are tips:
- Ask the source. Genuine Omani frankincense vendors will specify Boswellia sacra (or “Omani frankincense” from Dhofar). Check if it’s wild-harvested or plantation-grown, and emphasises fair trade and forest management.
- Look for clarity. Premium resin tears are relatively clear and golden. Opaque, dark chunks may be from older cuts or mixed with wood bits.
- Smell it. Good frankincense smells rich and sweet. A musty or smoky smell might mean impurities.
- Be cautious of claims. No resin can cure everything. Some marketers of “Royal Frankincense” make grand health claims. Enjoy it for tradition, aroma, and the moderate benefits frankincense oil may offer.
- Learn more. Kohzen’s Ultimate Guide to Frankincense explains how to choose real frankincense and the different species.
Summary
The term Royal Frankincense carries powerful historical and cultural weight, but it’s important to understand what it truly means. It is not a botanical species or a formal grade — it’s a marketing term that evokes the ancient prestige, sacredness, and high quality associated with frankincense throughout history. By recognising this, buyers can make more informed choices and truly appreciate the deep traditions behind this legendary resin.
Here are the key takeaways:
- Royal Frankincense is a marketing term, not a distinct species; it usually refers to top-quality resin, especially from Boswellia sacra.
- The “royal” label reflects historical use — frankincense was reserved for kings, temples, and sacred ceremonies across ancient civilisations.
- Frankincense itself already meant “noble incense” — the word derives from Old French franc encens meaning “pure” or “true incense.”
- Quality matters more than the name — authentic Royal Frankincense should come from reputable sources and display clarity, aroma, and origin.
- Multiple Boswellia species produce frankincense, but the finest “Royal” grades typically come from Oman (Boswellia sacra).
- Grading is not standardised — terms like Royal, Superior, or Extra Grade are subjective and vary by seller.
- Frankincense remains deeply rooted in sacred, medicinal, and cultural practices, from ancient Egypt to today’s holistic wellness circles.
- Conservation matters — sustainable harvesting practices protect frankincense trees and ensure the availability of high-quality resin for future generations.
- Knowledge is protection — understanding frankincense species, sourcing, and terminology helps avoid misleading marketing claims.
Whether you seek Royal Frankincense for its rich history, its uplifting aroma, or its place in sacred tradition, appreciating its real meaning allows you to connect more authentically with this ancient gift.
To explore premium, ethically sourced frankincense resins, visit our Ultimate Guide to Frankincense and learn more about our commitment to quality at About Kohzen.
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